Charbagh – The Four-Part Garden Design

1. Meaning of Charbagh

• Origin: The term Charbagh comes from Persian, where “Char” means four and “Bagh” means garden.

• It refers to a quadrilateral garden layout divided into four smaller sections, often with water channels or pathways.

2. Historical Significance

• The Charbagh style was introduced in India by the Mughals during the 16th century.

• Inspired by Persian and Islamic garden traditions, it symbolizes paradise as described in the Quran – lush, symmetrical, and filled with water streams.

3. Design Features

• Garden is divided into four equal parts by walkways or flowing water.

• A central water tank, fountain, or tomb is often placed at the intersection.

• Pathways are usually lined with flowering plants, trees, and shaded seating.

• Symbolizes order, beauty, and spirituality.

4. Famous Examples in India

• Taj Mahal Gardens (Agra)

• Humayun’s Tomb Garden (Delhi)

• Shalimar Bagh (Srinagar)

• Pinjore Gardens (Haryana)

5. Charbagh Railway Station

• In Lucknow, Charbagh Railway Station is named after the garden layout that once existed there.

• The station itself is known for its grand Mughal-Rajasthani architectural style.