1. When was the Treaty of Westphalia signed?
A) 2nd November 1917
B) 28th June 1919
C) 24th October 1648
D) 10th August 1920
Correct Answer: C) 24th October 1648
Explanation: The Treaty of Westphalia, signed in 1648, ended the Thirty Years’ War and established the modern concept of state sovereignty.

2. What did the Balfour Declaration of 1917 express support for?
A) The creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine
B) The independence of India
C) The formation of NATO
D) The unification of Germany
Correct Answer: A) The creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine
Explanation: The Balfour Declaration, issued on 2nd November 1917, expressed British support for a Jewish homeland in Palestine.

3. Where was the Treaty of Versailles signed?
A) Germany
B) France
C) Belgium
D) Italy
Correct Answer: B) France
Explanation: The Treaty of Versailles, signed on 28th June 1919, ended World War I and imposed harsh penalties on Germany.

4. Which treaty dismantled the Ottoman Empire?
A) Treaty of Versailles
B) Treaty of Sevres
C) Tashkent Declaration
D) Simla Agreement
Correct Answer: B) Treaty of Sevres
Explanation: The Treaty of Sevres, signed on 10th August 1920, dismantled the Ottoman Empire and redistributed its territories.

5. When was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted?
A) 10th December 1948
B) 4th April 1949
C) 14th May 1955
D) 11th December 1997
Correct Answer: A) 10th December 1948
Explanation: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted in Paris on 10th December 1948, outlining fundamental human rights.

6. What did the North Atlantic Treaty establish in 1949?
A) SEATO
B) NATO
C) CENTO
D) Warsaw Pact
Correct Answer: B) NATO
Explanation: The North Atlantic Treaty, signed on 4th April 1949 in Washington, established NATO to ensure collective defense among its members.

7. What year was SEATO formed?
A) 1954
B) 1955
C) 1949
D) 1966
Correct Answer: A) 1954
Explanation: SEATO (Southeast Asia Treaty Organization) was formed in 1954 to contain communism in Southeast Asia.

8. Which organization was established by the Warsaw Pact of 1955?
A) NATO
B) CENTO
C) Soviet-led military alliance
D) UN Peacekeeping Force
Correct Answer: C) Soviet-led military alliance
Explanation: The Warsaw Pact, signed on 14th May 1955 in Poland, was a military alliance of Soviet-aligned countries during the Cold War.

9. Where was the Tashkent Declaration signed?
A) India
B) Pakistan
C) Uzbekistan
D) Poland
Correct Answer: C) Uzbekistan
Explanation: The Tashkent Declaration, signed on 10th January 1966 in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, sought to resolve conflicts between India and Pakistan.

10. What was the Simla Agreement of 1972 about?
A) Ending the Korean War
B) Resolving Indo-Pak tensions post-1971 war
C) Establishing NATO
D) Nuclear disarmament
Correct Answer: B) Resolving Indo-Pak tensions post-1971 war
Explanation: The Simla Agreement, signed on 2nd July 1972 in India, aimed to normalize relations between India and Pakistan after the 1971 war.

11. What environmental agreement was adopted on 11th December 1997?
A) Kyoto Protocol
B) Paris Agreement
C) Universal Declaration of Human Rights
D) SEATO Charter
Correct Answer: A) Kyoto Protocol
Explanation: The Kyoto Protocol, adopted in Japan, committed countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change.

12. What was the primary purpose of CENTO?
A) Regional security in the Middle East
B) Formation of a European Union
C) Nuclear disarmament
D) Trade liberalization
Correct Answer: A) Regional security in the Middle East
Explanation: CENTO (Central Treaty Organization), formed in 1955, was aimed at securing the Middle East against communist influence.

13. Which treaty marked the official end of World War I?
A) Treaty of Sevres
B) Treaty of Westphalia
C) Treaty of Versailles
D) Warsaw Pact
Correct Answer: C) Treaty of Versailles
Explanation: The Treaty of Versailles, signed in 1919, officially ended World War I and outlined terms for Germany.

14. What year marked the establishment of NATO?
A) 1949
B) 1954
C) 1955
D) 1966
Correct Answer: A) 1949
Explanation: NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) was established in 1949 to ensure collective security among its member nations.

15. What was the focus of the Kyoto Protocol?
A) International human rights
B) Nuclear disarmament
C) Reduction of greenhouse gases
D) Regional security
Correct Answer: C) Reduction of greenhouse gases
Explanation: The Kyoto Protocol was a global agreement aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change.