1. Who established the Nobel Prizes in 1895?
A) Alfred Einstein
B) Alfred Nobel
C) Alfred Bernhard
D) Alfred Johnson
Correct Answer: B) Alfred Nobel
Explanation: Alfred Nobel, a chemical engineer and inventor of dynamite, established the Nobel Prizes through his will in 1895.

2. In which year were the Nobel Prizes first awarded?
A) 1895
B) 1900
C) 1901
D) 1910
Correct Answer: C) 1901
Explanation: The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901, six years after Alfred Nobel’s death.

3. Which Nobel Prize was introduced later in 1968?
A) Nobel Prize in Chemistry
B) Nobel Peace Prize
C) Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
D) Nobel Prize in Physics
Correct Answer: C) Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
Explanation: The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was established in 1968 by the Swedish Central Bank in memory of Alfred Nobel.

4. When was the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences first awarded?
A) 1968
B) 1969
C) 1970
D) 1971
Correct Answer: B) 1969
Explanation: The first Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was awarded in 1969.

5. On which date are Nobel Prizes awarded annually?
A) 1st December
B) 10th December
C) 25th December
D) 31st December
Correct Answer: B) 10th December
Explanation: Nobel Prizes are awarded on 10th December, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel’s death.

6. Where is the Nobel Peace Prize awarded?
A) Stockholm, Sweden
B) Oslo, Norway
C) Geneva, Switzerland
D) Paris, France
Correct Answer: B) Oslo, Norway
Explanation: The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway, while other Nobel Prizes are presented in Stockholm, Sweden.

7. Which organization has received the Nobel Peace Prize three times?
A) UNICEF
B) United Nations
C) International Committee of the Red Cross
D) UNHCR
Correct Answer: C) International Committee of the Red Cross
Explanation: The International Committee of the Red Cross has won the Nobel Peace Prize three times for its humanitarian efforts.

8. Which organization has received the Nobel Peace Prize twice?
A) World Health Organization (WHO)
B) UNHCR
C) UNESCO
D) Amnesty International
Correct Answer: B) UNHCR
Explanation: The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has won the Nobel Peace Prize twice.

9. Who was the first Muslim Nobel Peace Prize laureate?
A) Muhammad Younas
B) Yasir Arafat
C) Anwer Sadat
D) Shirin Ebadi
Correct Answer: C) Anwer Sadat
Explanation: Anwer Sadat, the President of Egypt, was the first Muslim to receive the Nobel Peace Prize in 1978.

10. Which Nobel Peace Prize laureate is known for his leadership in the American civil rights movement?
A) Nelson Mandela
B) Martin Luther King Jr.
C) Barack Obama
D) Kofi Annan
Correct Answer: B) Martin Luther King Jr.
Explanation: Martin Luther King Jr. was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964 for his efforts to end racial inequality in the United States.

11. Who shared the Nobel Peace Prize with the United Nations in 2001?
A) Muhammad El Baradei
B) Kofi Annan
C) Al Gore
D) Aung San Suu Kyi
Correct Answer: B) Kofi Annan
Explanation: Kofi Annan, the then-Secretary-General of the United Nations, shared the 2001 Nobel Peace Prize with the UN.

12. Which Nobel laureate founded the Grameen Bank?
A) Shirin Ebadi
B) Muhammad El Baradei
C) Muhammad Younas
D) Al Gore
Correct Answer: C) Muhammad Younas
Explanation: Muhammad Younas, awarded in 2006, founded the Grameen Bank to promote microfinance and alleviate poverty.

13. Which organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2013 for its efforts to eliminate chemical weapons?
A) United Nations
B) OPCW
C) IPCC
D) Amnesty International
Correct Answer: B) OPCW
Explanation: The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) won the prize in 2013 for its work in chemical disarmament.

14. Which Nobel Peace Prize laureate is a former U.S. President?
A) George W. Bush
B) Bill Clinton
C) Barack Obama
D) Ronald Reagan
Correct Answer: C) Barack Obama
Explanation: Barack Obama was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009 for his efforts to strengthen international diplomacy.

15. Who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991 for her nonviolent struggle for democracy?
A) Mother Teresa
B) Shirin Ebadi
C) Aung San Suu Kyi
D) Yasir Arafat
Correct Answer: C) Aung San Suu Kyi
Explanation: Aung San Suu Kyi received the Nobel Peace Prize for her efforts in promoting democracy in Myanmar.

16. Which Nobel Peace Prize laureate worked for global warming awareness?
A) Al Gore
B) Muhammad El Baradei
C) Nelson Mandela
D) Martin Luther King Jr.
Correct Answer: A) Al Gore
Explanation: Al Gore, along with the IPCC, won the prize in 2007 for raising awareness about climate change.

17. Which Nobel laureate is famously associated with humanitarian work in India?
A) Shirin Ebadi
B) Mother Teresa
C) Nelson Mandela
D) Muhammad Younas
Correct Answer: B) Mother Teresa
Explanation: Mother Teresa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979 for her humanitarian work with the poor in India.

18. Which laureate shared the Nobel Peace Prize with the PLO in 1994?
A) Nelson Mandela
B) Yasir Arafat
C) Anwer Sadat
D) Muhammad El Baradei
Correct Answer: B) Yasir Arafat
Explanation: Yasir Arafat, along with Israeli leaders, received the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts in the Oslo Accords.

19. Who was the first Iranian Nobel Peace Prize laureate?
A) Muhammad El Baradei
B) Shirin Ebadi
C) Kofi Annan
D) Aung San Suu Kyi
Correct Answer: B) Shirin Ebadi
Explanation: Shirin Ebadi, awarded in 2003, was the first Iranian to win the Nobel Peace Prize for her work in human rights.

20. Which Nobel laureate led South Africa out of apartheid?
A) Martin Luther King Jr.
B) Nelson Mandela
C) Barack Obama
D) Kofi Annan
Correct Answer: B) Nelson Mandela
Explanation: Nelson Mandela, awarded in 1993, played a pivotal role in ending apartheid and promoting reconciliation in South Africa.

21. Which Nobel Prize category is not directly established by Alfred Nobel’s will?
A) Peace
B) Chemistry
C) Economic Sciences
D) Medicine
Correct Answer: C) Economic Sciences
Explanation: The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was introduced later in 1968 by the Swedish Central Bank.

22. How many times has the Nobel Peace Prize been awarded to the International Committee of the Red Cross?
A) Two
B) Three
C) Four
D) Five
Correct Answer: B) Three
Explanation: The International Committee of the Red Cross has won the Nobel Peace Prize three times (1917, 1944, and 1963).

23. Which prize is awarded for contributions to physics?
A) Nobel Peace Prize
B) Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
C) Nobel Prize in Physics
D) Nobel Prize in Literature
Correct Answer: C) Nobel Prize in Physics
Explanation: The Nobel Prize in Physics honors significant achievements in the field of physics.

24. Who shared the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize with Henry Kissinger?
A) Martin Luther King Jr.
B) Yasir Arafat
C) Le Duc Tho
D) Nelson Mandela
Correct Answer: C) Le Duc Tho
Explanation: Le Duc Tho shared the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize with Henry Kissinger for their roles in the Vietnam peace negotiations, though he declined the award.

25. What unique feature distinguishes the Nobel Peace Prize ceremony from other Nobel awards?
A) It is awarded in Stockholm.
B) It is awarded on 1st December.
C) It is awarded in Oslo, Norway.
D) It is awarded by the Swedish Academy.
Correct Answer: C) It is awarded in Oslo, Norway.
Explanation: Unlike other Nobel Prizes, the Nobel Peace Prize is awarded in Oslo, Norway, as per Alfred Nobel’s wishes.

26. Who was the first woman to receive the Nobel Peace Prize?
A) Mother Teresa
B) Bertha von Suttner
C) Shirin Ebadi
D) Aung San Suu Kyi
Correct Answer: B) Bertha von Suttner
Explanation: Bertha von Suttner received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1905 for her work in promoting peace and disarmament.

27. How many categories of Nobel Prizes were originally established?
A) Four
B) Five
C) Six
D) Seven
Correct Answer: B) Five
Explanation: The original five categories were Peace, Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, and Literature.

28. Which Nobel Prize is awarded for literary achievements?
A) Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
B) Nobel Prize in Literature
C) Nobel Prize in Peace
D) Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Correct Answer: B) Nobel Prize in Literature
Explanation: The Nobel Prize in Literature honors authors, poets, and playwrights for outstanding contributions to the field.

29. Who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2005 for efforts in nuclear non-proliferation?
A) Muhammad El Baradei and IAEA
B) Al Gore
C) OPCW
D) United Nations
Correct Answer: A) Muhammad El Baradei and IAEA
Explanation: Muhammad El Baradei and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) received the prize for their work in nuclear disarmament.

30. Which Nobel laureate is associated with efforts to establish the Oslo Accords?
A) Henry Kissinger
B) Yasir Arafat
C) Kofi Annan
D) Al Gore
Correct Answer: B) Yasir Arafat
Explanation: Yasir Arafat, along with Israeli leaders, received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1994 for his role in the Oslo Accords.

31. What is the primary purpose of the Nobel Peace Prize?
A) Promoting human rights
B) Recognizing contributions to disarmament, peace efforts, and international cooperation
C) Rewarding outstanding achievements in arts and culture
D) Recognizing contributions to scientific innovation
Correct Answer: B) Recognizing contributions to disarmament, peace efforts, and international cooperation
Explanation: The Nobel Peace Prize acknowledges efforts to promote peace and resolve conflicts globally.

32. Who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979 for her work among the poor in Calcutta?
A) Bertha von Suttner
B) Mother Teresa
C) Shirin Ebadi
D) Kofi Annan
Correct Answer: B) Mother Teresa
Explanation: Mother Teresa was honored for her compassionate humanitarian work in India.

33. In which year did Nelson Mandela receive the Nobel Peace Prize?
A) 1991
B) 1992
C) 1993
D) 1994
Correct Answer: C) 1993
Explanation: Nelson Mandela shared the 1993 Nobel Peace Prize with F.W. de Klerk for their efforts in ending apartheid.

34. Which laureate received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2009 for efforts in international diplomacy?
A) Al Gore
B) Barack Obama
C) Yasir Arafat
D) Kofi Annan
Correct Answer: B) Barack Obama
Explanation: Barack Obama was recognized for his efforts to improve international relations and reduce nuclear proliferation.

35. Which organization won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2007 alongside Al Gore?
A) OPCW
B) IPCC
C) UNHCR
D) IAEA
Correct Answer: B) IPCC
Explanation: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) shared the Nobel Peace Prize with Al Gore for their work in climate change awareness.

36. What distinguishes the Nobel Peace Prize from other categories in terms of selection?
A) It is selected by a committee appointed by the Swedish Academy.
B) It is selected by a committee appointed by the Norwegian Parliament.
C) It is selected by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.
D) It is selected by the Nobel family.
Correct Answer: B) It is selected by a committee appointed by the Norwegian Parliament.
Explanation: The Nobel Peace Prize is uniquely awarded by a Norwegian committee, unlike other categories awarded in Sweden.

37. Which laureate won the Nobel Peace Prize for her efforts to advance women’s rights in Iran?
A) Mother Teresa
B) Shirin Ebadi
C) Aung San Suu Kyi
D) Bertha von Suttner
Correct Answer: B) Shirin Ebadi
Explanation: Shirin Ebadi was the first Iranian and Muslim woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize in 2003 for her advocacy for human rights.

38. Who received the Nobel Peace Prize in 2013 for promoting chemical weapons disarmament?
A) OPCW
B) IAEA
C) United Nations
D) Kofi Annan
Correct Answer: A) OPCW
Explanation: The Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) received the award for its efforts in chemical disarmament.

39. What field is recognized by the Nobel Prize in Medicine?
A) Medical breakthroughs and public health improvements
B) Humanitarian efforts
C) Environmental awareness
D) Economic theories
Correct Answer: A) Medical breakthroughs and public health improvements
Explanation: The Nobel Prize in Medicine honors discoveries in medical science and health.

40. How many Nobel Prizes are awarded annually (including Economic Sciences)?
A) Five
B) Six
C) Seven
D) Eight
Correct Answer: C) Seven
Explanation: Seven Nobel Prizes are awarded annually, covering Peace, Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Literature, Economic Sciences, and more.